| 翻訳と辞書 |
| Izzat (honor) ： ウィキペディア英語版 |
Izzat (honor)
Izzat (Hindi-Urdu: इज़्ज़त or عزت) refers to the concept of honor prevalent in the culture of North India and Pakistan. It applies universally across religions (Hindu, Muslim and Sikh), communities and genders. Maintaining the reputation of oneself and one's family is part of the concept of ''izzat'', as is the obligatory taking of revenge when one's izzat has been violated.
Although the concept of ''izzat'' has been viewed as curtailing the freedom of women, it is also a strongly egalitarian concept that cuts across social hierarchy and enforces "''equality in giving, but also equality in vengeance''."〔 The idea of reciprocity, in both friendship and enmity, is deeply embedded in ''izzat''. It is required that a person come to the assistance of those who have helped that person earlier.〔 To not do so is to dishonor one's debt and lose ''izzat''.〔
==Dushmani and Badla==
Violations or perceived violations of ''izzat'' are key to the development of both personal and family enmities (''dushmani'', दुश्मनी or دشمنی) as the wronged party seeks revenge (''badla'', बदला or بدلا), which could result in cycles of counter-revenge, sometimes spanning generations. The concept of reciprocity applies to ''badla'' as well. The nature and intensity of the revenge, "''and what is taken - life, resources, or position - is governed by izzat (honour), which is the principle of reciprocity or equivalence in all things.''" Because social relations in the region emphasize social debts and "''unrestricted reciprocity''" among kin, enmity can spread to individuals who were not involved in the original infractions of ''izzat'' and "''rarely remains localized.''"〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
■ウィキペディアで「Izzat (honor)」の詳細全文を読む
スポンサード リンク
| 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース |
Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.
|
|